Control system for transmission of signals



June 30, 1931. o. R. MILLER 1,811,858

CONTROL $YSTEII FOR TRANSMISSION OF SIGNALS Filed April 30, 1929 2Sheets-Sheet 1 lNl/ENTUR 0. R. MILLER ATTORNfY 0. R. MILLER V 2Sheets-Sheet 2 GOKTROL SYSTEI FOR TRANSMISSION 0E SIGNALS Filed April30. 1929 June 30, 1931.

EU i 230 INVENTUR v U. R MILLER m v Arron/v 5) Patented June 30, 1931fUN ITED STATES @PATENT OFFICE ommn n. mum. or snow PARK, NEW Yoax,assmiggn- 'ro rm'rmrnonn momronms, INCORPORATED, or NEW 2031:, 1 1. Y.,A conrom'rron or mew Yonx CONTROL sys'rnn FOR raansmrssron or sreiutsApplication filed April to, 1929., Serial No. 359,305.

-This invention relates to a system of protromagnet in order to searately and variducing and controlling the frequency of ably control thelength the impulses andelectrlcal impulses.- I V the open eriods betweenimpulses.

The object of this invention is to pro- Fig.1 i lustrates the impulsingapparatus 5 vide in a circuit combination an arrangecombination usingtwo variable shunts which ment of electromagnets for roducing series areapplied by thecontacts of a relay. Fig. of impulses, the impulses 0 saidserles and 2 illustrates an impulsing apparatus com-v the open periodsbetween impulses being acbination using a large plurality of variable 7'curately timed. shunts applied by the movable contacts of a 10 Oneembodiment of the present invention step-by-step switch. Figs. 3, 4 and5 are so comprises an arrangementof electromagnets currentandmagnetization curves to illus-, for transmitting impulses, operablewhen trate the action of the two circuits simulbattery and ground isconnected therewith. taneously established through the windings Thecontrolling electroma net has two wind of'the control relay. I, ings, acircuitbeing esta lished simultane- The operation of key 111 or otherwell ously in said two windings for producing known automaticallyoperable apparatus magnetizing forcesin opposite directions. may be usedfor connecting battery and A circuit having a constant current flowground to the apparatus of the interrupter through one windingestablishes a magnetizcircuit-shown in Fig. 1. Battery 1m'ay be 20 ingforce for energizing the electromagnet traced from the lower contact ofkey 111, and a circuit through thealternate winding through normalcontact 2 of relay 110 to establishes a temporary magnetizing force theprimary and secondary windings of pointhe opposite direction to, andgreater larized r'elay 100. Ground may be traced than that in the mainwinding. The latter f om the upper contact of key 111, through 25circuit includes a variable condenser wh f normal contact 3 of relay 110to the variable 0011137015 h curr n fl W- g to Its condenser 161 and thevariable resistance apa i y h Current flow (11111111151198 as 103.- Acircuit having a constant flow of the condense! bQCOmeS ge current isthus established for the primary foreb the pp g' g pt Q 'Q winding Pofrelay 100 and a circuit of varis s F the magnetlzmg, 01309 111 h 'ablecurrent flow. is established for the secmam Wmdmg fi P greater than hondary winding S of this relay which circuit alternate w ga Rarlilcularincludes condenser 101. The windings of time in h invtel'change ofcontroumg relay arearranged to oppose each other netizing r h? attf'actswhen the foregoing circuits are established 35 its armature. A c1rcu1t1s thus establlshed and so t t h t h i t it 5 for second ilectromagnetwhich p W of magnetization in the secondary winding an Impulse dreverses the dlreclloll of is considerably greater than the intensitynfi w through each of the q s of magnetization in the primary winding.of the controlling electromagnet. Yar1able AS the condenser 101 becomescharged resistances are u m the cll'cult P current flow in the secondarycircuit is grad- 0 ,contmlling electromagnet g the ually reduced untilthe intensity of magchalacteristic 0f the C h netization becomes greateriifthe primary -Adjustab1e shunts are provlded for al-teri di g h n i thsecondary i di ing the duration of current ;fl0w in the 0 11- ,Themagnetization force, therefore, becomes r denser circuit forshorteningor lenthening .of the proper polarity and intensity to at- 95 the timeof energizing'the two winding elec- "tract the armature 107 forestablishing con- 1 tromagnet. These shunts are connected tact 106." lwith the foregoin condenser, circuit, by Relay 110 is operated 1n ac1rcu1t estab- 'movabIe contacts'. ariousshunts are used lished throughcontact 106 which attracts its for the operationsof the two winding:elecarmatures. Contact 4 of relay 110 is used for transmitting animpulse for operating electromagnet 121.. Contacts 2 and 3 of relay 110-reverse the direction of current flow through the windings of relay 100.Contact 5 1 is used for. associating 'eithershunt 104 or 105 in multiplecircuit with the secondary winding'of relay 100 for altering the operating time of rela 100 as will be described "later.: The reversa ofdirection of current flow through the windings of relay 100 1 causes therelay to be energized in the same manner as previously'descrlbed. Thearmatime 107 is, however, propelled in the opposite ectionwhich ns theenergizing circuit for relay 110 causing its release. 1 .The

release of relay 11,0 again reverses the direc tion of current flowthroughthe-windings of relay 100 to again establish contact 106 andoperate relay 110 for transmitting a second imp The variable elements ofthe'circuit will now be described assuming relay 100 to be of a givenwinding structure. It is well known that the duration of current flow inthe circuit disclosed is dependent upon the capacity of condenser 101and the resistance in the circuit. a given resistance and voltage theduration of current flow may be changed by adjustment of the condenser.With the condenser adjusted for any given capacity the duration ofcurrent flow may be altered by the adjustment of variable resistance 104or variable resistance 105. These shunt resistances may be adjustedso'that the potential of condenser 101 is very rapidly broughtto the battepotential or adj to bring the potenti 101 up to battery potential veslowly. If shunts 104. and 105 are adjuste to be of the same resistancevalue the armature 107 is since the duration of current flow through thesecondary winding is the same after each operation of relay 110. Thiswould cause the lmpulse transmitted and the open period between impulsesto be of the same duration.

It is, however, often of greatadvantage to l arrangetheim ulseandtheo n.'riod't be of diflerent duration. This pe beaccomplished by the104.,an'd 105, to regulate both they duration of the impulse and theduration of the'open period between impulses. It is apparent that ifshunt 104 is adjusted to be ofsmall resistance value in comparison tothe resistance value of the'secondary of relay 100 and resistance 102,the potential of condenser 1'01willbe quickly brought to the Q potentialof the battery in circuit therewith. Thusthe duration ofcurrentfioivthrough the secondary winding is shortened which about an earlierefiectiveness of the magnetization'in the rimarylifwinding for Uattracting armature 10?. An adjustment of of condenser held in eachposition the same length of time ma adjustment of shunt re I shunt 104to a large resistance will likewise lengthen the duration of currentflow through the secondary winding of relay 100.

Relay 100 has a natural-period of operation .dependent upon the capacityof condenser 1'01 and the shunts 104 and 105 are used only to alter thisnatural period for controlling -the duration of the impulse and the openperiod between impulses. The variable resistances 102 and 103 may beused to vary 'the characteristic of relay 100.

Curves showing a'comparison. of magnetizin force in the primary andsecondary win ings have beenshown in Figs. 3 4 and 5 to represent equaloperations of the arma-' When the magnetizing force in the Secondarywinding has been sufficiently reduced the armature 107 is attracted bythe force of magnetism in the primary winding. A circuit for elay 110 isthen established as previously described to reverse the direction ofcurrent flow through both the primary and secondary windings.

The-action of the current in one direction through the primary andsecondary windings of relay 100 is the same as the current in the opositedirection if shunts 104 and 105 are a justed to be of the sameresistance value. Thisis shown by the curve B which indicatesmagnetizing forces the same as curve A. Fi 4 illustrates a curve showinthe action 0 relay 100 with shunt 104 a in Fig. 3 and shunt 105 adjustedfor a rapid operation of relay 100 when the direction of current thro hthe windings of relay 100 is reversed. Fig. 5: illustrates the oppositecondition of shunt values having shunt adjusted for a' rapid operationof relay 100 with relay .110'in its normal position and shunt 105ad'usted for a' slow 0 eration of rela .100 wit rela 110 operate ustedthe same as for the operation shown e operation 0 the circuitarrangementv shown in Fig. Q-difiers from Fig. 1 only in the actuationof a ste -by-ste -controllmg the time uired for energizing relay 200 forpositionmg its armature in either direction. Bela s 200 and.210 are ofthe same structure an o manner as, relays 100 an 110 of Fig. 1.

switch for selecting a plurality o variab e shunts for rate in the samewindings of relay 200 is established from for the operation of theapparatus shown in this figure. .The original circuitvfor the rimarywinding P of rela 200 is establis ed from battery through t e, ri htcontact of key 211, normal contact 3 o relay 210, resistance 203windingP of relay 200 .to ground through normal contact 2 of relay 210.Theoriginal circuit forthe secondary ound throu h normal contact 2 ofrelay 210, left windmg of relay 200, resistance 202 and condenser 201.Battery is associated with the opposite plate of condenser 201 over thecircuit traced-for the primary winding of rela 200.: During the firstenergization of re ay 200, shunt 220' is connected may be traced frombattery -t around the secondary winding-of relay 200 which circuitmaybe-traced from the connection between condenser 201 and resist-- ance202 through shunt 220, brush 237 and its associated normal contact andto the lower terminal of the secondary windin of relay 200. .Shunt 220is used for the rst and second operation of relay 200 and it is arrangedfor timing the'second operation. No pulse is sent until after the first.opera- .tion of relay 200. For this reason the shunt is used for thisfirst operation for circuit convenience only. When relay 200 attractsits armature 207, closin contact206, an ob.- vious circuit is establised for-relay 210 to battery through the right contact of key 211.

" Upon the operation of relay 210 the direction of current flow isreversed through the windings of'relay 200 by contacts 2 and 3. Animpulse, tone or any type of signal may 212 controls this' choice. Inits 0 erated position, a circuit is. established or the. stepping magnet231 which extends through brus 233 and its associated contact alternatecontact of key 212 to ground through contact 1 of relay 210 and the leftcontact 'of key 211. In this osition of the switch, relay 200 is operate-under the' control of shunt 229 in the direction to close contact 206and operate relay 210 which advances the brush assembly of the switch toits original'startilgg position. On this second-series of imulses theshunt 220 is used only for ating the duration of the first im If key 212is in itsnormal position, a 'olding circuit is esthblished .for rela 200which normal contact 3 ,of relay 210. Armature 207 .is thus held againstcontact 208 and relay 210 remains unoperated. If it is de.-; .sired atany time to restore switch 230 to normal, key 211 .maybe restored, whichestablishes a circuit for the stepping magnet 231 through itsself-interruptin contact. and brush 235 to ground through t e associatedcontacts and key 211. The brushes are thus stepped until the I normalposition 1 isreached, where the circuit through the self-- interruptingcontact is openedand the switch brushes come to rest. a I

By the use of a plurality of shunt 'circuits a series of impulses ofdifferent duration may be transmitted or a series-of im-- zation ofstepping magnet 231 from ground be transmitted through contact 4. At.this pulses of equal duration may be transmitted. tima circuit isestablished for the energi- 'The duration of the impulse and thedurathrough the left contact of key 211, contact 1 of relay 210, brush233 and associated contacts which are strapped together, winding 1 ofstepp' g magnet 231 to battery. Switc 230 is of the type that steps thebrush members when the magnet is deenergized. Therefore the brushesremain positioned until relay 210 is, released. Thereafter the switchmagnet is releasedandreoperated and thebrushes are advanced one"position upon each operation of release of relay 210. Each terminal ofbank 236 has associated 7 therewith a variable'shunt which may beadjusted to control a specific operation of relay 20'0. The'operatingtime of relay 200 may thus. be controlled so that in a series of suchoperations, impulses of equal duration,or of unequal duration may.be'transmitted. Similarly, the open periods between impulses of aseries may be regulated 'to be of short or long duration.Upon'the'completion of a switch cycle either a second cycle of impulsesmay be transmitted or relay 200 may be locked to arrest the transmissionof impulses. The position 'ofkey second circuit including the second ofsaid not any time by an adjustment of any of the shunt resistances,which as previously ex-- l plained shortens or lengthens. the time required for charging-condenser 201, which.

consequently changes the duration of current flow through the secondarywinding 'of relay 200.

A stepping switch 230 the device for progressively associating differentshunts with the secondary winding. Any'type of switching means may beused for this purpose, such as one relay shownc vin Fig. 1 or aplurality of relays to replace switch 230. g

It is not the intention that the invention be limited to thetransmission of direct current signaling impulses.

What is claimed is: 1. A circuit arrangement for controlling the time ofoperatively energizing an elechas. been shown as tromagnetic devicehaving only two wind-1 the capacity of the condenser to: permit theenergization of said device.

2. A circuit arrangement for controlling the time of operativelyenergizing a polarized electromagnet having an armature attract-1 ablein either direction and .a primary and a. secondary windingsimultaneously energized with opposing magnetizing forces comprising acondenser in series with said secondary winding for limiting the duration of the. opposing magnetizing force in said winding, variable shuntsfor said secondary winding for altering the duration of said magnetizingforce, and means for reversing the polarity of said magnetizing forcesto operate sa1d armature in either direction and for selecting a shuntparticularly adjusted'for a' particular operation of said armature.

3. A circuit arrangement for controlling -the time of operativelyenergizing a polarized electromagnet having a primary and a secondarywinding and an armature movable in two directions, a circuit throughsaid primary winding having a constant current flow, a condenser, asecond circuit including said secondary winding and said condenserarranged to oppose the magnetizing action of the circuit through saidprimary winding, variable shunts for said secondary winding for alteringthe duration of current flow in said secondary circuit, and meansresponsive to the movement of said armature for applying shunts of par-vticular characteristics for maintaining said ipulse and the open periodbetween impulses comprising a polarized'electromagnet having a primaryanda secondary wmding arranged to oppose each other when both areenergized, an armaturefor said electromag net, means toestablish currentflow in either .direction through said windingsfor operating saidarmature in either direction, a condenser in series circuit with saidsecondary winding for" limiting the duration of current flow throughsaid winding and vari able shunts for said secondary winding foraltering the duration of current flow through said secondary windin forseparately controlling the duration 0 v the impulses and the opennperiodbetween impulses.

system for transmitting impulses and for regulating the, durationof eacharmature for said electromagnet movablein impulse and the open riodbetween impulses comprising a po arized electromagnet having a primaryand a secondary winding arranged to oppose each other when both areenergized, an armature for said electromagnet, means to establishcurrent flow in either direction through said windings for operatingsaid armature in either direction, a variable condenser in seriescircuit with said secondary winding for variably limitiri the durationof current flow through sai windings and variable shunts' prising apolarized electromagnet having a primary and "a secondary windingarranged to oppose each other when both are energized, an armature forsaid electromagnet, a condenser in series circuit with said'sec-' ondarywinding for limiting the duration of current flow through said winding,variable shunts for said secondary winding for altering the duration oicurrent flow through said secondary winding for separately controllingthe. duration of impulses and the 0 en period between impulses, and asecond e ectromagnet. operable in response to the. movement of saidarmature in one direction and released by the movement of said arma-.

. ture in the opposite direction for transmitting said impulses forcontrolling the direction of current flow through said primary andsecondary windings to operate said. armature; in either direction andfor selectin the proper shilnt for association with sai secondarywinding for each operation ofv said armature. 1 I

7. In a s stem for transmitting, impulses, a two-win 'ng polarizedelectroma et, a circuit including one winding of said elec tromanet-having a constant current flow, a con enser, a second circuitincluding the second ofsaid windings and said condenser for opposing thema netism created in said electromagnet by said first circuit, avariable shunt circuit for rregulating one operating time of saideletror.-".-zzgnet, and a separate variable shunt circuit for regulatithe time of operating said electromagnet 1n the reverse direction, meansfor controlling the direction of current flow in the circuits throughsaid windings and for'associatin a particular shunt circuit with saidsecon circuit according to the desired operation of the electromagnet,and ,meansfor adjusting said shunt circuits. l 8. In a system fortransmitting impulses, a two-winding polarized electromagnet, an

one'direction for causing a pulse to be trans-- mitted andf in' theopposite direction for circuit including one winding having a con-'stant current flow for energizing said electromagnet,a condenser, asecond circuit including the second of said windingsand said condenserfor opposing the magnetism created in the electromagnet by saidfirstcircuit, a variable shunt circuit for regulating the duration of saidimpulse, a variable shunt circuit for regulating the duration of saidopen period, means responsive to the positioning of said armature forcontrolling the direction of current flow through said windings and forassociating the proper denser for creating a magnetizing force ofopposite polarity and of greater intensity, than created'in said firstwinding, which intensity diminishes as the condenser becomes time of-energizin charged, to permit the operation of said device within aperiod of time dependent upon the capacity of said condenser, meansdependent upon one operation ofsaid device for operating said seconddevice, and means dependent upon said second device for-operating saidfirst device in the reverse direc tion. 1 a

10. A device for producing and controlling the frequency 0f.interruptions in an electrical circuit comprising a polarizedelectromagnet having two "windings, an energizing circuit for-saidelectromagnet' through one of said windings, a circuit for retarding theoperative energization' of said-magnet in eluding a second of saidwindings and a variable capacity, means for adjusting said capacity forcontrolling the time of operating said electromagnet,a secondelectromagnet, means controlledv by said first electromagnet foroperating .said second electromagnet for operating said firstelectromagnet in the reverse direction by reversing the direction ofcurrent flow in each winding of said first electromagnet and forinterrupting an' electrical-circuit, and means for adjusting saidcapacity for controlling the operating time of said firstelectromagnet'."

11. A circuit arran ement for controlling the time of operative yenergizing an electromagnet having a primaryjand a secondary windingcomprising a condenser in series circuit with said secondary winding anda plurality of selectable shunts for said secondary winding for variablycontrolling the said electromagnet and switching means or automaticallyselecting said various shunts. 1

12. A circuit arrangement for transmitting aseries of impulses ofdifferent dur'ation comprising an electromagnet having an armatureoperable 1n two dlrections for controlling the transmission of impulses,a plurality of variable selectable shunt circuits for said electromagnetfor controllingthe duration of any of the impulses of a series and meansfor successively selecting said shunt circuits. I 9

13. A circuit arrangement for transmiting a series of impulses ofdifierent dura' tion comprising an electromagnet having an armatureoperable in two directions and a condenser in series with one of itswindings for regulating the speed of operating said electromagnet and aplurality of variable selectable shunt circuits for varying saidregulation to variably control the holding of said armature in eitherposition and conse quently control the duration of any of the impulsesof a series and the duration of any'of the open periods between saidimpulses,

14L. Acircuit arrangement vfor controlling the time of operativelyenergizing a polarized electromagnet having an armature attracta-ble ineither direction and a primary and a secondary winding simultaneouslyenergized for creating opposing magnetizing forces comprising acondenser in series a with said secondary winding for' limiting theduration of the opposing magnetizing fOICBSCIf'GfitGd by said winding,variable resistances for said windings for altering the character ofsaid magnetizing forces, and means for reversing the polarity of saidmagnetizing forces to o erate said armature in either direction and orselecting a resistance particularly adjusted for a particular operationof said armature.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe.

my name this 29thuday of April, 1929. v

OHMER R. MILLER.

